INSTALL LINUX DEBIAN 11 & REMOTE SERVER

Introduction:

Debian is a stable, secure, and free Linux-based operating system. Suitable for use as a server or desktop.

Preparation of Tools and Materials

Hardware:

Software:

-VMware Workstation/VMware Player

-ISO Debian 11 (can be downloaded from https://www.debian.org/distrib/)

-ANYDESK

Minimum Specifications:

RAM: 2 GB (recommended 4 GB)

Storage: 20 GB

Processor: Dual-core

Installation process:

1. The first step in installing debian on a virtual machine is to prepare the debian iso file, if you have clicked create a new virtual machine.Then select the recommended typical, if you have clicked next

2. Then select the dic installer to add the iso file that has been downloaded previously by clicking browse, then look for the iso file that has been installed, if so, click next..

3. Then give a name to the virtual machine, if so, click next.

4. Then change the disk to 75gb, if so, click next.

5. This page displays the boot menu or installer of the Debian GNU/LINUX operating system. Displayed in BIOS or (basic input/output system) mode, which is the initial mode > click the install option > press enter on the keyboard to proceed to the next.

6. On this page, we instruct the user to select the language that will be used during the installation process and after the system is installed. The right choice of language will be, there are many language choices available, select language English, press enter on the keyboard to go to the next.

8. On this page we are instructed to select the location or country where we live, click the other.

9. then on this display, select the location, namely Indonesia.

10. There is no locale set for the language and country combination you selected, select your preference from the available locales for the selected language. For example, country to base the default locale setting on United States .

11. On this page, users are instructed to choose a keyboard layout that suits their language and personal preferences. By selecting a different layout, the characters generated when pressing the key will change. Because there is no Indonesian option, we just select American English, click Enter on the keyboard to go to the next.

12. Then enter the hostname for the Debian server, if so, click continue.

13. Then enter the domain name for the Debian server, if so, click continue.

14. After that, enter the password for the Debian server so that it cannot be accessed by other people, if so, click continue.

15. then re-enter the password that was added earlier, if so, click continue.

16. There is a command 'full name for the new user" meaning that users must enter their full name, click continue to go to the next

17. then enter the username to create a Debian server account, if so, click continue.

18. After that, enter the password for the Debian server account, if so, click continue.

19. then re-enter the password that was added earlier, if so, click continue.

20. then at this stage, because the time zone is now in Jakarta, then here you can choose western, if you have clicked continue.

21. choose manual partition method. Manual partition means we can directly manage and control how our hard disk is divided into several partitions, press enter on the keyboard to continue

22. There are 5 options available, we choose the third option, namely "SCSI3 (0,0,0) (SDA) - 80.5 GB VMWARE, VMWARE VIRTUAL" this is a storage device (disk) detected by the system with a capacity of 80.5 GB for the partition > press enter on the keyboard to continue.

23. At this stage, we select the free space section to partition it, if so, click enter.

24. After that, click create to create a new partition, if so, click enter.

25. According to the initial scenario, for the first partition the size is 20 GB , click continue to proceed.

26. Primary partition is the main partition on the hard disk that can load the operating system. Usually used to install the main operating system (such as Windows, Linux, and others) > press enter to continue.

27. beginning is a new partition that will be created at the beginning of the free space available on the disk while end is a new partition that will be created at the end of the free space available on the disk. Because we are creating a new partition at the beginning of the free space > press enter to continue.

28. After completing the changes to the first partition, click the "done setting up the partition" option, which means we have completed the configuration of the first partition and can proceed to the next step.

29. After that, click create to create a new partition, if so, click enter.

30. According to the initial scenario, for the second partition the size is 4 GB, click continue.

31. Logical partitions are used if we need more than 4 partitions or want to separate data and operating systems more flexibly > press enter to go to the next step.

32. After completing the changes to the partition, click the "done setting up the partition" option, which means we have completed the configuration of the partition, for the second partition we select the swap area. The swap area partition is a special partition that is used as additional temporary storage space for our computer. So when the RAM on our computer is full, the inactive data will be moved to this swap area > press both on the keyboard to enter and select the swap area.

33. After that, click create to create a new partition, if so, click enter.

34. According to the initial scenario, for the second partition the size is 25 GB, click continue

35. Primary partition is the main partition on the hard disk that can load the operating system. Usually used to install the main operating system (such as Windows, Linux, and others) > press enter to continue.

36. For the third partition we choose ext3 journaling file system. Although ext4 journaling file system partition is more recommended and has more modern features, it can still be a good choice for existing systems and is suitable for systems that require good reliability and adequate performance > press and hold on the keyboard to select ext3 partition.

37. After that, click create to create a new partition, if so, click enter.

38. according to the initial scenario, for the fourth partition measuring 31.5 GB > click continue to go to the next step.

39. ext2 is the oldest file system of the three. It does not have journaling, which means that if the file system is corrupted, data can be lost. However, ext2 is very simple and stable enough to use.

40. If all the partitions have been created and according to the instructions, you can proceed to the next stage by clicking finish.

41. Then click write to continue.

42. Because we want to continue the installation process without adding additional media, click the "no" option.

43. Select the no option, which means we continue the installation by only using the software on the installation media.

44. Without these utilities, your computer will not be able to do many things, such as open files, manage files, run applications, run programs, and so on > press enter to proceed to the next step.

45. Here we choose the yes option, which means we want this new operating system to be the default operating system that will run when the computer is turned on > press enter to proceed to the next step.

46. /dev/option means grub will be installed to the device. It means the boot menu will appear from the device we choose. Here we choose the dev sda option menu, press enter to go to the next step.

47. click the continue button to continue and start the new operating system > press the enter key to go to the next step.

Testing & results:

Here we will enter the Debian server using the login username and password that has been created.

type the command 'su' this command is used to switch from one user to another user, namely the root user, then we are instructed to enter the password according to what we have determined. So after we type the su command and enter the password, the display will be as below

Check ip:

Check the IP Address or IP Host server, whether it is in accordance with the configuration we did in the installation process or not. We can check it by typing the command ip a

Check partition:

Check the Debian partition, whether it is in accordance with the configuration we did during the installation process or not. We can check it by typing the command df -h .

Apt update & install ssh:

we can type the command apt update. Wait until the update process is complete.

Install SSH on Debian, so we can remotely access it with the SSH port from PuTTY or Command Prompt from our computer. We can do this by typing the command apt install ssh and selecting Y to continue the SSH installation process.

Putty remote:

then enter the Host Name with the IP Host server or Debian. Select the Connection Type with SSH. If so, click Open.

we tested ping to 8.8.8.8, note: we can only remote the server with a local network or one network.

Remote SSH:

We can remote it using Command Prompt by opening it, entering the command in the format ssh username@ip address and typing yes to continue the remote.